Discussion

What is the ratio between x and y ?

Answer: B

The ratio is 3 : 4.

Statement I: the average of 8 boys rises by 2, so their total rises by 16. The two new boys together are 16 years older than the two they replaced:

\[ \begin{aligned} \text{new total} &= 21 + 23 + 16 = 60 \\ x &= 30 \end{aligned} \]

Statement II: three years ago A + B + C = 81, so now it is 90. Five years ago B + C = 40, so now it is 50. Hence \(y = 90 - 50 = 40\).

So \(x : y = 30 : 40 = 3 : 4\).

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