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A machine is found to spark at its brushes whenever the load increases. The fitting that would most directly address this is one that

  • A.reduce the speed at which the armature must be driven
  • B.neutralise the reactance voltage and improve commutation
  • C.increase the flux per pole and hence the generated emf
  • D.provide the excitation the main field winding requires

Answer: B

Correct answer: neutralise the reactance voltage and improve commutation

Sparking that worsens with load points to the reactance voltage induced in the coil undergoing commutation, which grows with the current being reversed. Interpoles - narrow poles set on the magnetic neutral axis and wound in series with the armature - produce a flux proportional to that current, inducing an emf that opposes the reactance voltage and forces the current to reverse in the time available. Being series-connected, they compensate automatically at every load.

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