Discussion
The external characteristic of a dc generator plots
Answer: D
Correct answer: terminal voltage against load current
The external characteristic shows the terminal voltage as the load is varied, and it is what the user of the machine actually experiences. It falls below the open circuit value by the armature resistance drop and by the effect of armature reaction on the flux, and in a shunt machine by a third amount, since the falling terminal voltage also weakens the field. It is not to be confused with the internal characteristic, which plots the generated emf against armature current.
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