Discussion
By drinking Bornvita with water gives energy, by drinking Complan with water gives energy, by drinking milk with water gives energy. Therefore, by drinking water one gets energy. This is an example of ..................... .
Answer: B
This is an example of a fallacy.
In each case the energy comes from Bournvita (printed 'Bornvita'), Complan or milk, not from the water in which they are taken. Concluding that water gives energy because it is present in every case attributes the effect to the wrong common factor. It is a faulty inference, a fallacy of false cause (and, in Indian logic, of a wrong vyapti).
An invariable relation (vyapti) would need water to give energy in every case on its own, which it does not. Perception and comparison (upamana) are other means of knowledge, not descriptions of this flawed argument.
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