Discussion
Which of the following is/are the valid conclusion/s based on the statements given below ?
Statement I : All birds are white.
Statement II : All parrots are birds.
Conclusion 1 : Some birds are white.
Conclusion 2 : Some parrots are white.
Conclusion 3 : All parrots are green.
Conclusion 4 : Some birds are not white.
Answer: A
The valid conclusions are 1 and 2 only.
From 'All birds are white', the particular 'Some birds are white' follows (conclusion 1, by subalternation). From 'All parrots are birds' and 'All birds are white', the syllogism gives 'All parrots are white', so 'Some parrots are white' follows too (conclusion 2).
Conclusion 3 contradicts that result, since the parrots must be white, not green. Conclusion 4 contradicts statement I directly. So every option including 3 or 4 is wrong.
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