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The strength of a ceramic component is governed principally by

  • A.the size of the largest flaw it contains
  • B.the average size of all of its many flaws taken together
  • C.the total number of flaws that are present in it
  • D.the chemical purity of the material it is made from

Answer: A

A brittle material cannot redistribute stress by yielding, so failure begins at the single worst flaw and runs to completion. This is why one large pore matters far more than a great many small ones. Ceramic quality control targets the extremes rather than the mean.

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