Discussion
Assertion (A): Ceramics are far weaker in practice than their theoretical strength suggests.
Reason (R): Flaws concentrate stress and a brittle material cannot relieve that concentration by yielding.
Answer: B
Both are true and the reason gives the cause: a metal blunts a crack tip by plastic flow whereas a ceramic cannot, so the stress at a flaw rises until the crack propagates and the whole piece fails. There is no ductile mechanism to blunt the crack tip.
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