Discussion
For bolts of uniform strength, the shank diameter is made equal to :
Answer: D
The shank is made equal to the minor diameter of the threads.
In an ordinary bolt, the threaded portion has the smallest area, at the root (minor or core) diameter, so under a shock load the stress and the strain energy concentrate there. A bolt of uniform strength has its shank turned down, or bored hollow, to the same area as the thread core. The stress is then the same along the whole length, and the long shank can absorb more strain energy before failure.
Making the shank equal to the nominal or major diameter is the ordinary bolt, which is what the design avoids. The pitch diameter is still larger than the core, so the shank would remain stiffer and lower-stressed than the threads.
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