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The three mechanisms of polarisation in dielectrics are electronic, ionic and

  • A.magnetic, involving the alignment of electron spins
  • B.orientational, involving the turning of permanent dipoles
  • C.conductive, involving the drift of free charge through the material
  • D.thermal, involving the vibration of the lattice as it warms

Answer: B

Electronic polarisation distorts the electron cloud, ionic polarisation displaces ions within the lattice, and orientational polarisation turns molecules that already possess a dipole moment. Each responds up to a different frequency, which is why permittivity falls in steps as frequency rises.

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