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What does a differential amplifier respond to?

  • A.The difference between its two inputs
  • B.The sum of the voltages at its two inputs
  • C.The larger of the two input voltages applied
  • D.The average of the two input voltages

Answer: A

A differential stage amplifies the difference between its inputs and, ideally, ignores whatever they have in common. The sum and the average both describe the common-mode component, which the stage is built to reject, and it does not select the larger. That one arrangement can amplify a wanted difference while discarding an unwanted shared signal is what makes it the input stage of nearly every precision analogue circuit. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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