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What happens at the collectors when a differential signal is applied?

  • A.Only the collector of the driven device moves
  • B.One rises as the other falls
  • C.Both rise together by the same amount
  • D.Both fall together by the same amount

Answer: B

A differential input steers current from one device to the other, so one collector voltage rises exactly as much as the other falls. Movement in the same direction is the common-mode response. Because the total current is held constant by the tail, whatever one device gains the other loses, which is the mechanism behind both the differential gain and the doubling obtained by taking the output between the two collectors.

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