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Why does a single-ended output worsen the rejection?

  • A.The differential gain is halved at one collector
  • B.The tail current source's impedance falls
  • C.The collector load must be made smaller
  • D.The common-mode movement is no longer cancelled

Answer: D

Taking the output from one collector loses the cancellation that a differential output provides, since the common-mode shift appears at both collectors equally and only the difference between them is free of it. The differential gain is indeed halved, which reduces the ratio further, but the loss of cancellation is the larger effect. An active load restores much of what is lost, which is why integrated stages use one rather than a plain resistor. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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