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Why does an integrated pair have far lower offset than two separate devices?

  • A.Adjacent devices on one chip match closely
  • B.Integrated devices have a higher current gain
  • C.The chip runs at a more uniform temperature
  • D.Integrated devices are individually trimmed

Answer: A

Two transistors formed side by side in the same process, at the same temperature, match far better than any two parts selected from a batch, and offset is entirely a matching problem. Uniform temperature is part of the same advantage rather than a separate one, current gain is not what matters, and trimming is done on precision parts but is not the general reason. That integrated analogue design rests on matching rather than on absolute values is the single most useful thing to know about it.

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