Discussion
A pair carries \( 1 \ \mathrm{mA} \) of tail current with \( 10 \ \mathrm{k\Omega} \) collector loads. Its single-ended differential gain is about
Answer: C
Each device carries half the tail current, so its transconductance follows from that:
\[ \begin{aligned} g_{m} &= \tfrac{0.5 \ \mathrm{mA}}{26 \ \mathrm{mV}} \approx 19 \ \mathrm{mS} \\ A_{v} &\approx 19\mathrm{m} \times 10^{4} \approx 190 \end{aligned} \]
Taking the usual halving into account for a single-ended output gives about 100. Remembering that each device sees only half the tail current is the step this calculation turns on.
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