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A current mirror used as a differential pair's collector load converts the output to ______ without halving the gain.

  • A.balanced
  • B.single-ended
  • C.differential
  • D.common-mode

Answer: B

It converts to single-ended, taking the current change from one side and adding it to the other so that the full differential signal appears at one node. A differential or balanced output is what the pair already provides, and common-mode is what it rejects. Getting a single-ended output without the usual halving, and a large increase in impedance at the same time, is why the arrangement is universal in operational amplifier input stages. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.

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