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How many transistors does a basic differential pair use?

  • A.Two
  • B.One
  • C.Four
  • D.Three

Answer: A

The pair proper uses two matched devices sharing a tail, though a practical stage adds a third for the current source and often two more for an active load. One device cannot resolve a difference, and four or more describes a more elaborate arrangement. That the essential circuit is two devices and a shared tail, with everything else an improvement to one specification or another, is a useful way to read any input stage schematic. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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