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What happens when a large differential input is applied?

  • A.Both devices carry the full tail current
  • B.The tail current doubles to meet the demand
  • C.Both devices cut off and no current flows
  • D.All the tail current flows in one device

Answer: D

Beyond a difference of a hundred millivolts or so the pair is fully steered: one device takes the entire tail current and the other is off. The tail current is fixed by its source and cannot double, and both devices cannot carry it all or be off together. That full steering happens at such a small input is why a differential pair makes a good comparator and why an amplifier must keep its input difference far smaller.

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