Discussion
Consider the following statements about an operational amplifier's input stage.
1. It is a differential pair
2. Its offset voltage is referred to the input
3. Its noise is divided down by the following stages' gain
Which of the statements given above is or are correct?
Answer: B
The first two are correct and the third has the direction reversed: it is the later stages' noise that is divided by the input stage's gain, while the input stage's own noise is referred to the input undiminished. That asymmetry is why the first device dominates the noise figure of any chain. A statement with the right mechanism and the wrong direction is the most easily missed kind of error, and here it inverts the whole design priority.
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