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What does a cascoded current mirror improve?

  • A.The stage's input common-mode range
  • B.Its output impedance and so the stage's gain
  • C.Its input offset voltage as a load
  • D.The tail current's temperature stability

Answer: B

Stacking a second device above each mirror transistor multiplies the output impedance by roughly that device's own gain, so the load no longer limits the stage. Offset, tail stability and common-mode range are separate matters, and the arrangement costs headroom. Applying the cascode idea to the load as well as to the input devices is how the highest-gain integrated stages are built, and both uses rest on the same mechanism.

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