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Cauchy's mean value theorem differs from Lagrange's in that it

  • A.concludes that the derivative vanishes somewhere inside
  • B.compares the increments of two functions over the same interval
  • C.requires the second derivative to exist throughout the interval
  • D.holds only for functions that are monotonic on the interval

Answer: B

Cauchy's form states that \( [f(b)-f(a)]/[g(b)-g(a)] = f'(c)/g'(c) \) for some interior \( c \), so two functions are compared at once. Taking \( g(x) = x \) recovers Lagrange's theorem. No second derivative is needed, monotonicity is not required, and the vanishing derivative is Rolle's conclusion

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