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The Jacobian \( \partial(u,v)/\partial(x,y) \) is the determinant of the matrix of

  • A.second partial derivatives of u and v with respect to x and y
  • B.the coefficients of the linear terms of u and v
  • C.the cofactors of the transformation matrix
  • D.first partial derivatives of u and v with respect to x and y

Answer: D

The Jacobian is

\[ \frac{\partial(u,v)}{\partial(x,y)} \;=\; \begin{vmatrix} u_{x} & u_{y} \\ v_{x} & v_{y} \end{vmatrix}, \]

a determinant of first derivatives. It measures the local factor by which area is stretched, which is why it appears when a double integral changes variables, and its vanishing signals that the transformation is locally degenerate

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