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A point of inflexion on a twice-differentiable curve is one where

  • A.the first derivative changes sign
  • B.the second derivative vanishes, whether or not it changes sign
  • C.the curve crosses one of the coordinate axes
  • D.the second derivative changes sign

Answer: D

An inflexion is a change of the sense of bending, so the second derivative must actually change sign, not merely vanish. For \( y = x^{4} \) the second derivative is zero at the origin but stays positive on both sides, and the point is a minimum. A change of sign of the first derivative marks an extremum instead

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