Discussion
Which one of the following has the highest resolving power in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum ?
Answer: D
The highest resolving power belongs to the Fabry-Perot etalon.
Resolving power \( \lambda/\Delta\lambda \) grows with the number of interfering beams and the path difference between them. A Fabry-Perot etalon works in a very high order (the plate gap is many thousands of wavelengths) with effectively dozens of beams set by the reflectivity, giving resolving powers of order \( 10^{6} \) to \( 10^{7} \) in the visible.
A good grating reaches \( mN \sim 10^{5} \), and a prism, triangular or constant deviation, only about \( 10^{4} \), set by its base length and dispersion. That is why the etalon is used to study hyperfine structure.
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