Discussion
What is the main disadvantage of half-wave rectifier compared to full wave rectifier ?
Answer: B
The main disadvantage of the half-wave rectifier is its lower efficiency.
A half-wave rectifier passes only one half-cycle of the input, so the theoretical maximum rectification efficiency is about 40.6%, against 81.2% for a full-wave rectifier. Its ripple factor is also much higher (1.21 against 0.48), and the DC current through the transformer secondary tends to saturate the core, lowering the transformer utilisation factor.
It is the cheaper and simpler circuit (one diode, no centre tap), so 'higher cost' and 'more complex circuitry' describe the full-wave rectifier, not the half-wave one. Its lower average output follows from the same loss of a half-cycle, but the standard comparison names efficiency as the defining drawback.
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