Discussion
A displacement transducer with a shaft stroke of 100 mm is applied to the circuit shown below. The total resistance is 10 kΩ and voltage is 5 V. If the position of wiper is at a distance of 40 mm from the end A then the value of output voltage V0 = ..................
Answer: A
The output voltage is 3 V.
The transducer is a potentiometer: 5 V is spread uniformly along the resistance element between A and B, and the wiper picks off a fraction of it in proportion to its position. The output is taken between B and the wiper (via C). With the wiper 40 mm from A on a 100 mm stroke, it is 60 mm from B:
\[ V_{0} = \frac{60}{100} \times 5\ \text{V} = 3\ \text{V} \]
The total resistance of 10 kΩ does not enter as long as the output is not loaded, because only the ratio of the two parts matters.
2 V is the voltage between A and the wiper (40% of 5 V), measured from the wrong end. 2.5 V is the mid-stroke value, and 1.5 V has no basis.
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