Discussion
For a given full wave bridge rectifier the input line voltage has nominal value of 120V. The actual voltage coming out of the power outlet vary from 105 to 125V and corresponding load voltage as 8.8V and 12.8V respectively. Therefore, the line regulation is .................
Answer: B
The line regulation is 45%.
Line regulation measures how much the load voltage moves when the line voltage swings from its low to its high value. With the definition used in standard electronics texts, the change in load voltage is expressed as a percentage of the low-line load voltage:
\[ \begin{aligned} \text{LR} &= \frac{V_{HL} - V_{LL}}{V_{LL}} \times 100\% \\ &= \frac{12.8 - 8.8}{8.8} \times 100\% \approx 45\% \end{aligned} \]
Such a large figure is typical of an unregulated rectifier, whose output simply follows the line.
22.5% is half the value, and 4.5% and 2.25% are ten times smaller; none of them follows from the 4 V change on an 8.8 V base.
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