Discussion
Using both half cycles instead, the ripple factor measured at the output is
Answer: B
Using the full-wave form factor:
\[ r = \sqrt{1.11^{2}-1} = 0.48 \]
giving 0.48, less than half the half-wave value even before any filtering. 1.21 is the half-wave figure and 1.11 is the form factor used in the calculation. The improvement comes from using both half cycles, which raises the direct component and halves the gap the ripple has to bridge - two effects working the same way.
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