Discussion
What must always accompany a Zener diode in a shunt regulator?
Answer: B
The series resistor drops the surplus voltage and limits the current, without which the diode would be destroyed the moment breakdown began. A capacitor may be added for noise but is not essential, an inductor plays no part, and a bleeder is not required. Every device operated in a steep region of its characteristic needs something in series to set the operating current, and that is as true of a Zener as of a light emitting diode. Most errors on this topic come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring scheme where it does not hold.
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