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Which typical vertical velocity accompanies large-scale ascent in mid-latitudes?

  • A.About 1 metre per second, which is representative of the updraught within a vigorous cumulus cloud
  • B.About 1 kilometre per hour
  • C.About 1 millimetre per second, which would be too weak to lift air through a cloud layer in a day
  • D.About 1 centimetre per second

Answer: D

Synoptic vertical motion is of order 1 centimetre per second, three orders of magnitude smaller than the horizontal wind, which is precisely why it cannot be measured directly and must be inferred. Over a day that is enough to lift air about a kilometre, which is more than sufficient to produce widespread cloud and rain. Convective updraughts belong to a different scale entirely.

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