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Which difficulty prevents direct measurement of large-scale vertical velocity?

  • A.It is far smaller than the errors in routine wind observations
  • B.No instrument exists that responds to the vertical component of the wind under any circumstances
  • C.It varies too rapidly with time
  • D.It occurs only above the level at which routine radiosonde ascents are normally terminated by burst

Answer: A

A vertical velocity of 1 centimetre per second is well below the accuracy of any routine wind measurement, so it must be computed from divergence or diagnosed from the omega equation. Instruments certainly can measure vertical motion where it is large, as in convective settings measured by Doppler radar or aircraft. The difficulty is entirely one of magnitude relative to observational error rather than of principle. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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