Discussion
Which additional information does the orientation of Q relative to the isotherms give?
Answer: C
A Q vector pointing towards warm air indicates frontogenesis, since the geostrophic flow is acting to sharpen the temperature gradient, while one pointing towards cold air indicates frontolysis. The vertical motion is given by the divergence of the field rather than by the orientation of individual vectors. This dual use makes the Q vector one of the most informative single diagnostics available. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.
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