Discussion
Which function describes the divergent part of the horizontal wind?
Answer: A
The Helmholtz decomposition writes the divergent wind as the gradient of a velocity potential, whose Laplacian is the divergence, exactly as the rotational wind is derived from a streamfunction. Charts of velocity potential are widely used to display large-scale divergent circulations such as the Walker cell. The geopotential and the Exner function belong to the mass and thermodynamic fields respectively. The quantity that varies and the quantity that does not are worth naming before any substitution is attempted.
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