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Which effect does compensating subsidence have on the environment?

  • A.It has no thermodynamic effect
  • B.It increases the instability of the environment by lowering the temperature of the middle troposphere
  • C.It warms and dries it
  • D.It cools and moistens it so that further convection becomes more likely in the surrounding region

Answer: C

Descending air warms adiabatically and its relative humidity falls, which stabilises the environment and suppresses further convection nearby. This is why convective cells tend to be separated by clear gaps and why an isolated storm often inhibits neighbours. The process is the principal means by which convection adjusts the large-scale thermal structure towards a moist adiabatic profile. A single measurement chosen to respond to the one asymmetry beats several that respond to shared behaviour.

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