Discussion
Which balance does deep convection tend to establish in the tropical atmosphere?
Answer: D
Repeated convection carries air upward along a moist adiabat and the compensating subsidence warms the environment until the mean profile approaches that same moist adiabat. This is why tropical soundings lie so close to a moist adiabat through the depth of the troposphere. A dry adiabatic profile would be far too steep to be maintained, an isothermal profile is characteristic of the lower stratosphere instead, and a warming profile is what an inversion looks like over a shallow layer rather than the whole troposphere.
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