Discussion
Which of the following furnace suffers from pinch effect?
Answer: B
The pinch effect occurs in the core type induction furnace.
In a core type (low frequency) induction furnace the molten metal forms a ring that acts as a single-turn secondary carrying a very large current. The electromagnetic forces from that current squeeze the liquid metal inward, and at high current density they can pinch the metal column apart, breaking the secondary circuit and interrupting heating. That is the pinch effect, and it limits the power of these furnaces.
The coreless induction furnace heats the whole charge in a crucible and has no such narrow channel, and a resistance furnace heats by current through resistors, so neither suffers from it. The vertical core type furnace was designed to reduce the effect.
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