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The latent heat of vaporisation of water at typical drying temperatures is about

  • A.0.42 MJ per kg
  • B.4.2 MJ per kg
  • C.0.10 MJ per kg
  • D.2.3 MJ per kg

Answer: D

Correct answer: 2.3 MJ per kg

The latent heat of vaporisation of water is about \( 2.26 \) MJ/kg at 100 degrees Celsius and a little higher at typical drying temperatures, so \( 2.3 \) MJ/kg is the working figure.

It is worth carrying in mind because it sets the theoretical floor on drying energy: removing a tonne of water needs at least \( 2.3 \) GJ however good the dryer, and real specific energy consumption of \( 3 \) to \( 5 \) MJ per kg of water reflects the losses on top of that. The value \( 4.2 \) is the specific heat of liquid water in kJ/kg per degree, a different quantity.

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