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An operator hears speech on an SSB channel that sounds unnaturally deep and slurred, and adjusting the receiver's fine tuning corrects it.

What was wrong?

  • A.The wrong sideband was selected
  • B.The automatic gain control was saturated
  • C.The reinserted carrier was off frequency
  • D.The transmitter was over-modulating

Answer: C

A pitch error corrected by fine tuning is a carrier reinsertion frequency error: every component was shifted by the same number of hertz, deepening the voice. Selecting the wrong sideband gives spectrally inverted, entirely unintelligible audio that fine tuning cannot fix. Over-modulation would distort rather than shift pitch. And a saturated gain control would flatten the dynamics without changing the pitch at all. Which of the two economies applies is worth naming before any arithmetic is attempted.

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