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Mode shapes of a structure are orthogonal with respect to

  • A.the geometry of the structure but not to any matrix
  • B.no matrix at all
  • C.both the mass matrix and the stiffness matrix
  • D.the damping matrix alone

Answer: C

Orthogonality with respect to \( M \) and \( K \) is what uncouples the equations of motion and makes modal analysis possible. Orthogonality with respect to damping holds only for particular forms of the damping matrix.

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