Discussion
In a modal analysis, the figure computed as the participation factor for a given mode tells the analyst
Answer: D
Correct answer: how strongly base motion excites that mode
The participation factor measures the coupling between the ground motion and a particular mode - how much of the base excitation that mode responds to.
In a regular building the fundamental mode has much the largest factor, which is why it dominates the response and why codes allow simplified methods based on it. The related effective modal mass says what fraction of the total mass a mode mobilises, and codes require enough modes to account for 90 per cent of it.
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