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Which statement about the coupling between the lateral modes is correct?

  • A.Improving one mode always improves the others
  • B.The spiral and the roll subsidence are the same root
  • C.Dutch roll and spiral stability trade against one another through the same two derivatives
  • D.The three lateral modes are independent of one another, each governed by a derivative of its own

Answer: C

The trade is real and specific: the dihedral effect and the fin stiffness appear in both the Dutch roll and the spiral criterion, with opposite effect, so pushing either derivative helps one mode and hurts the other. That is why augmentation is the normal answer rather than more aerodynamic surface. The modes are certainly not independent, being roots of one characteristic equation. Improvements are not universal, as the trade shows. And the spiral and the roll subsidence are two distinct real roots, separated by two orders of magnitude in speed.

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