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A ventral fin below the fuselage improves Dutch roll behaviour because its side force

  • A.Acts above the centre of gravity, adding to the dihedral effect
  • B.Increases the yawing inertia
  • C.Reduces the fin's contribution to directional stiffness
  • D.Acts below the centre of gravity, reducing the roll caused by sideslip

Answer: D

The ventral surface's side force acts below the centre of gravity, so its rolling moment opposes that of the fin above and reduces the net roll produced by sideslip. Less roll content means a better damped Dutch roll and a smaller roll-to-yaw ratio, which is exactly why ventral fins appear on aeroplanes with plenty of sweep. Adding to the dihedral effect would make matters worse. It adds negligible inertia, and it increases rather than reduces directional stiffness.

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