Discussion
During a phugoid oscillation the angle of attack
Answer: B
The phugoid is a slow trade of height against speed at almost constant angle of attack. The aeroplane noses down, accelerates, generates more lift than weight, climbs, decelerates and noses down again, all while incidence barely moves. That is what makes it a long-period mode: nothing aerodynamically stiff opposes it, only the slow drain of energy through drag. The second option describes the short period, where incidence carries the motion. Pitch attitude and angle of attack are not in antiphase here; attitude and flight path rise and fall together, which is precisely why incidence hardly changes. A steady fall in incidence is not an oscillation at all.
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