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Because the two longitudinal oscillations differ in frequency by a factor of tens, each can be analysed with a _____ model that freezes the states belonging to the other.

  • A.Two-degree-of-freedom
  • B.Six-degree-of-freedom
  • C.Quasi-steady
  • D.Fully coupled

Answer: A

The standard tool is a pair of two-degree-of-freedom models: incidence and pitch rate for the short period, speed and flight path angle for the phugoid. Each drops the states that barely move on its own timescale, and each reproduces the full quartic's roots to within a few per cent for a conventional aeroplane. A six-degree-of-freedom model is the full aeroplane including lateral motion, which is more than is needed and defeats the purpose. Quasi-steady describes an aerodynamic assumption rather than a modal one. A fully coupled model is what the approximations are an alternative to.

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