Discussion
An aeroplane's phugoid damping ratio is measured as 0.03. Against the MIL-F-8785C requirement of \( \zeta \geq 0.04 \) for Level 1 and \( \zeta \geq 0 \) for Level 2, this aeroplane is
Answer: A
A damping ratio of 0.03 is positive but short of the 0.04 required, so the aeroplane achieves Level 2: acceptable, with an increase in pilot workload, but not satisfactory without improvement. Level 1 would need 0.04 or better, and the shortfall here is small enough that a modest drag increase or a simple autopilot altitude hold would recover it. Level 3 is where an unstable phugoid is tolerated provided the time to double amplitude is at least 55 seconds. Nothing in the numbers puts the aeroplane outside the levels altogether, which would need a faster divergence than that.
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