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Which of the two longitudinal modes is a pilot most likely to be unaware of, because it is over before a correction can be made?

  • A.Neither is perceptible
  • B.The short period
  • C.The phugoid
  • D.Both are equally noticeable

Answer: B

The short period is normally finished within a second or two, faster than a deliberate control input can be planned and applied, so a well-damped one registers as nothing more than a firm response to a gust. That is also why its damping is specified so carefully: the pilot cannot fix it in the loop, so the airframe must have it. The phugoid is the opposite case, slow enough to be corrected with ease but persistent enough to be tiresome if left alone. Saying both are equally noticeable ignores a frequency separation of fifty to one.

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