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Operating on the back side of the drag curve, below the minimum drag speed, affects the longitudinal dynamics because

  • A.Thrust required rises as speed falls, which degrades speed stability
  • B.The short-period frequency becomes negative
  • C.The pitching moment of inertia increases
  • D.The elevator loses all effectiveness

Answer: A

Below minimum drag speed the drag curve slopes the wrong way, so a small speed loss increases the drag and the aeroplane slows further unless thrust is added. That is a speed instability, and it shows up in the phugoid, which is the speed mode; on approach it is the reason speed must be flown attentively or held by an autothrottle. A negative frequency is not a physical statement. Inertia is a mass property unaffected by the drag curve. The elevator remains effective, which is precisely why the aeroplane can still be flown there with care.

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