Discussion
Statement I: The short-period mode and the phugoid can both be excited by a single elevator input.
Statement II: A step or doublet on the elevator perturbs incidence and, through the resulting flight path change, the speed as well.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer.
Answer: B
Both statements are correct. Any elevator input rich enough in frequency content will put energy into both modes, which is why flight-test records so often show a fast oscillation riding on a slow drift: the short period decays within a couple of seconds and leaves the phugoid running for the next minute. The two are then separated in analysis rather than in the air, by fitting each portion of the trace. Choosing the input shape carefully, a sharp doublet against a slow throttle change, is what makes each mode dominant enough to measure cleanly.
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