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Friction and windage are classed as passive load torques because such a torque

  • A.is proportional to the inertia of the rotating parts of the drive
  • B.always opposes the direction of motion
  • C.keeps the same sense whichever way the drive happens to be turning
  • D.can supply energy to the drive during the lowering of a load

Answer: B

Friction, windage and machining forces all reverse with the motion and can never drive the motor round. Only gravitational and tensile loads are active, and it is those that make regenerative braking possible in a hoist.

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