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Operation in the second quadrant, with positive speed and negative torque, is

  • A.reverse braking with the machine retarding a load running in reverse
  • B.forward braking
  • C.forward motoring at a torque smaller than the load torque of the machine
  • D.reverse motoring with the machine driving the load in the reverse direction

Answer: B

Correct answer: forward braking

Positive speed with negative torque means the machine opposes the motion it is undergoing, so the power is negative and the drive is braking while still running forward. This is the quadrant a hoist enters when it slows a rising load, and the one a train enters when it brakes on the level. Reverse braking is the fourth quadrant, with negative speed and positive torque.

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