Discussion
The separation between arrival times of P and S wave .................. with distance and the ratio of P and S wave ........................ with distance.
Answer: D
The S-P interval increases with distance and the ratio of P and S velocities remains the same.
P waves travel faster than S waves, so the further a station is from the source, the more the S wave lags behind the P wave. This growing S-P interval is what allows epicentral distance to be estimated from a single station.
The ratio of P to S velocity depends on the elastic properties of the rock (about 1.73 for a Poisson solid) rather than on distance, so it stays nearly constant. The options in which the separation decreases or stays the same, or the ratio changes with distance, are therefore wrong.
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